QUESTION: What pathogenic organism causes the disease? ANSWER: Malaria is caused by single-celled organisms, called protozoans, of the genus Plasmodium. Different forms of malaria are caused by different species of Plasmodium. The most severe and deadly form is caused by P. falciparum, which is responsible for 90% of the global deaths from malaria, the majority of these in Africa, and … [Read more...]
Who discovered the disease malaria?
QUESTION: Who discovered the malaria disease and when? ANSWER: Malaria has been known for thousands of years; there are written accounts of the disease, including a description of its symptoms, in ancient Chinese medical texts from 2700 BCE. The ancient Romans and Greeks also knew about malaria. However, the causes of the disease were only discovered in the 19th century. In 1880, a … [Read more...]
Malaria and Jaundice
QUESTION: Why are patients suffering with malaria more susceptible to jaundice? ANSWER: The icterus/jaundice is usually from lysis/breakdown of infected red blood cells as they rupture and release new malaria parasites into the bloodstream. If only 1% of red cells are infected, this will be mild. If "parasitaemia" is severe/life threatening, say, 10% of red cells infected, then the … [Read more...]
Malaria Locations in Africa
QUESTION: Where in Africa is malaria mainly found? ANSWER: The distribution of malaria is constrained by two main factors: temperature and the presence of suitable mosquito hosts. These mosquitoes also depend on certain climatic conditions for their development, namely warm temperatures and sufficient rainfall to produce stagnant water, required by mosquito larvae. As such, although most … [Read more...]
How quickly should patient take medicine for malaria?
QUESTION: My sister has been suffering from malaria for three months. She consulted with doctor in the first symptom of malaria but doctor gave only fever medicine at that time. Blood test was not done at that time. So my question is: "within how many days or months malaria patient has to immediately take medicine?" ANSWER: One of our collaborating medical doctors has assisting in … [Read more...]
Malaria and stomach pains
QUESTION: Will malaria cause severe stomach pain? ANSWER: In some cases, yes, malaria can cause stomach cramps and pain. It also often causes nausea and vomiting. It is important to seek medical attention if you think you have symptoms of malaria; a quick and accurate diagnosis will lead to effective and efficient treatment, which improves chances of a rapid recovery. … [Read more...]
Malaria Control in Developing Countries
QUESTION: Should malaria be controlled in third world countries? ANSWER: Absolutely! Malaria is a leading cause of preventable death in many developing countries, with young children (under the age of five) at particular risk. Moreover, malaria is linked to loss of productivity, absenteeism from work/school and may even be linked to continuing cycles of poverty in areas where malaria (and … [Read more...]
Why are platelets low in malaria infections?
QUESTION: Why are platelets low in malaria infections? Why is there no internal bleeding in malaria? ANSWER: Platelets are low especially with P. falciparum infections, but also potentially with high-burden P. vivax infections. This is probably from sequestration in blood vessels and spleen. Actually, there is life threatening bleeding associated with severe cerebral malaria from this … [Read more...]
Malaria on Bougainville Island, Papua New Guinea
QUESTION: Is there malaria on Bougainville Island? ANSWER: Yes, Bougainville Island (an autonomous region of Papua New Guinea) is considered a malaria transmission zone, and precautions against malaria are advised when visiting. These include sleeping under an insecticide treated bednet, wearing long-sleeved clothing and insect repellent in the evenings and talking with your doctor about … [Read more...]
Diagnostic test for malaria?
QUESTION: What are the possible diagnoses tests? ANSWER: A blood test is usually required to diagnose malaria, although the blood can be used in a number of different ways. The most common, traditional form of diagnosis is a blood smear, observed under a microscope by a qualified technician. These can be "thick" or "thin"; the "thick" smear examines a whole drop of blood for the presence … [Read more...]